NLP and Frames
July 27, 2008 at 2:15 pm | In Improvement, NLP, Performance | Leave a CommentTags: NLP
Frames are used in NLP to change the way that a person is filtering the information they are processing. It allows a person to perceive their thoughts and feelings through a different lens of understanding, a better lens that makes those thoughts and feelings more useful to that person.
The most common frames used in NLP are:
Outcome Frame
The outcome frame allows us to focus on the ‘outcome’ of a situation. This change in focus drives the brain to find options for achieving that outcome. If we are problem solving, or negotiating, setting the using the outcome frame will set the goal that we are all trying to achieve and then allow us to look back to how we could have possible achieved it. Consider a business / union dispute over pay.
The outcome frame may help you by looking at the purpose of the request. Consider a Worker’s / Management negotiation:
Union say ‘We want more pay’
Management (in outcome frame) say ‘For what purpose?’
Union say ‘To let our families enjoy life more’
Management say ’Then we can give the staff 3 more days off per year’.
This may be a contrived example, but it demonstrates the outcome frame is a way of satisfying an objective in a more balanced way.
Subsets of the Outcome Frame are:
· Agreement frame – the focus of the outcome is agreement
· Evidence Frame – which helps identify the sensory evidence that identifies success
As If Frame
This Frame was adapted from Milton’s Ericson’s work. By allowing the person to see the world ‘As If’ they had a skill, behaviour or resource, that person can act ‘As If’ they are a new person and break through a limiting belief. It is typified by the phrase ‘Fake it until you make it’ and is best demonstrated by the reality TV show ‘Faking it’ and its international equivalents.
Cause and Effect Frame
This frame allows a person to understand the relationship between what they are doing and the result they are getting. If we adopt the mental filter of looking at how something we do causes an effect, we are getting near real time feedback about how we are influencing the world. I use the cause and effect frame during my public speaking to see if the pitch, tempo and material is having the effect I want. If not I change my approach (cause) until I get the results (effect) I want.
Possibility / Necessity Frame
The possibility / necessity frame is a ‘sense making filter’ that looks at each part of a problem and see if it is something that creates a possibility or if it is a necessity. For example if we take the race to the moon that the US led in the 1960s, there was a possibility of getting a man to the moon much earlier than 1969, but the necessity was the need to return that man to Earth and so extra engineering effort and vehicle contingency was needed that extended the project to the end of that decade.
Ecology Frame
A fundamental precept in NLP is to always leave someone in a better ‘place’ then before you started. It aligns to the medical precept of ‘First do no harm’. The ecology frame gives you the perspective of looking at the wider implications of any change that NLP generates. It makes you answer the questions of:
· Is this change going to improve this person’s life?
· What is the impact on this person’s family and business life?
· What will this new behaviour replace?
· What was being satisfied by the old behaviour and is it still being satisfied?
· Is the new state a well formed outcome for this person?
Use frames as microscopes to look on a situation in a different way and so develop a better and potentially empowering alternative understanding of the situation.
Dare to Aspire
NLP and the Swish Pattern
July 27, 2008 at 2:14 pm | In Improvement, NLP, Performance | Leave a CommentTags: NLP
The swish pattern is a technique that helps people change unwanted habits or behaviours. It modifies behaviour patterns so that the trigger for the old, unwanted behaviour now triggers a new and resourceful behaviour.
The swish pattern can be used in any representational system, Visual, Auditory, Kinaesthetic, Olfactory and Gustatory. I have had the best results using the Visual and Auditory systems.
Here is a description of the Swish Pattern in the Visual Representation System.
1. Identify the problem behaviour or habit you would like to change – I choose nail biting.
2. Identify the trigger for this activity – I choose the image of my fingers moving to my mouth.
3. Identify the main submodalities – I choose the movement of my hand to my mouth.
4. Break the state by clearing the mental screen or thinking of something unrelated.
5. Now identify the desire action – I choose running my fingers through the hair at my temples.
6. Now create the unwanted image in your mind in an associated state, that is, as though you are looking at the behaviour through your own eyes. - I see my hand in front of my face.
7. Now have that image disappear into the distance as though it is printed on a rubber sheet and someone behind the sheet is pulling it away rapidly.
8. Now imagine the person behind the rubber sheet has let go and the new image of the behaviour you want is on that sheet as it snaps back into you view. Imagine a noise like a swish or a snap as the image comes back into focus and have that image be dissociated, that is, looking at you as though you were on a movie screen demonstrating the new behaviour.
9. Break your state by ‘clearing the screen’.
10. Repeat this rapidly several times and then again every day for a week until the old behaviour is replaced by the new.
This is only mild technique in NLP but can be extremely effective on minor behaviour changes or in modifying an unwanted habit.
Have a go at this and see if you can change some of those unwanted habits.
Dare to Aspire
Developing Sensory Acuity
July 12, 2008 at 1:24 pm | In Improvement, NLP, Performance | 2 CommentsTags: NLP
One of the key tenets of NLP is that of gaining feedback and recognising the impact of what you are doing. This is sensory acuity and it is a skill that you need to develop to get the best out of your NLP skills. By knowing and calibrating someone’s state, you can more readily understand what is going on in their mind.
Here are some exercises to help you develop your sensory acuity:
Visual Acuity:
1. Postural observation:
· Have a friend stand or sit in front of you.
· Observe and hold an image of that person.
· Close your eyes.
· Have your friend move; an arm, a leg, tilt the head, etc.
· Open your eyes and identify how your friend has moved.
· Repeat the exercise with less and less dramatic moves until you can recognise subtle changes like an eyebrow raised or minor head tilt.
2. Like / Dislike:
· Have your friend think of something that they like.
· Let them build a strong impression of it in their mind.
· Notice the visual cues for ‘like’ – this is called ‘calibration’.
· Now have them build a strong impression of something they dislike.
· ‘Calibrate’ for dislike.
· Now have your friend choose either a ‘like’ or a ‘dislike’
· Identify which your friend is thinking of by identifying their ‘state’
3. Yes/No:
· Ask your friend some closed questions that will make them respond with a ‘Yes’.
o ‘Are you alive?
o Are you awake?
o Is it daylight?
· ‘Calibrate’ their responses for ‘Yes’
· Ask your friend some closed questions that will make them respond with a ‘No’.
o Can pigs fly?
o Are you dead?
o Can you hold your breath for an hour?
· ‘Calibrate’ their responses for ‘No’
· Now ask closed questions without you friend responding.
· Identify your friends response without them telling you.
Auditory Acuity:
1. Friend/Foe:
· Stand back to back with your friend in a quiet room.
· Have your friend think of someone that they like.
· Let them build a strong impression of that person in their mind.
· Now ask them to count aloud from 1 to 10.
· Calibrate the ‘sound’ for friend
· Now have them build a strong impression of someone they dislike.
· Now ask them to count aloud from 1 to 10.
· Calibrate the ‘sound’ for foe
· Now have your friend choose the person they ‘like’ or ‘dislike’
· Now ask them to count aloud from 1 to 10.
· Identify which your friend is thinking of from the sounds you hear.
2. Coin Tone
· Get several coins and a plate.
· Have you friend drop a coin on the plate and name it.
· Repeat this for each coin several times until you have calibrated the sound.
· Have your friend drop a coin at random.
· Identify the coin from the sound.
These exercises will increase your sensory acuity ‘muscles’ and make you more aware and receptive to the changes in the people around you.
Dare to Aspire
NLP and Representational Systems
July 4, 2008 at 8:17 pm | In Improvement, NLP | Leave a CommentTags: Add new tag, NLP
Information about the world enters our experience through our senses. That information is then processed and we build a map of the world inside our minds.
So each experience is recorded in our minds based on the information that our senses provide. The input from each sense is known as a representational system. These representational systems then are:
· Visual What we see
· Audio What we hear
· Kinaesthetic What we feel physically or emotionally
· Olfactory What we smell
· Gustatory What we taste
· Internal Dialog What we say in our heads
Think of a particular and perhaps significant memory from your past. Hold it in your mind and consider it for a moment.
Is it a picture?
Is it a feeling?
What can you hear?
Is there a taste that is familiar?
Can you smell anything?
Do you have an inner voice commenting on the moment?
How you encode your memories is important in NLP because your memories define your experience and that affects your behaviour. Several of the techniques that NLP uses change the way memories are represented and so changes the impact that those memories have on behaviour.
Consider the memory of an event from which someone may have developed a phobia. Such an event can have a real impact on a phobic’s behaviour often significantly affecting their life.
By changing the way that a phobic represents that memory it is possible to radically reduce the impact such a memory has.
This approach has resulted in the famous NLP ‘Phobia Cure’, more of which in another post.
We all have a lead representational system, a particular sense that we are more dependent upon and that we more readily use to encode our memories.
By recognising the lead representational system of the person you are talking to, you can more readily communicate with that person. By using terms from the same representational system you will find you that the person will appear to understand you better and warm to you.
If a person uses most visual words such as, ‘Can you show me that’ or, ‘I see what you are saying’ you should use visual words in return to best communicate. Using a phrase like ‘Let me show you’ will be easier for the person to understand you.
Spend a few days listening more actively to the words that people use and see if you can identify words that relate to the representational systems. When you become better at identifying those words, see if there is a lead system that they use more frequently and then use similar words and measure the effect. Most people that match another person’s representational systems find a significant benefit in the quality of their communication and a rapid building of trust.
Dare to Aspire
NLP and Sensory Acuity
July 2, 2008 at 4:47 pm | In Improvement, NLP | Leave a CommentThe 4-Step Success Formula requires you to have an awareness of how your behaviour is affecting the environment and your progress towards your goals. NLP captures the idea of being aware of your surroundings and the impact you are having under the blanket term of ‘Sensory Acuity’.
Essentially, your performance as an NLP practitioner is dependent upon how well you notice the things that change around you. This is the essential feedback that you get when you change any behaviour. Just like a thermostat turns the heating on or off based on the temperature it senses, you must modify your behaviour based on the response you get.
As you increase your sensory acuity, you will begin to notice more increasingly subtle details about yourself, your environment and the people with whom you communicate. This increased attention to detail will help you to improve your actions and so get the results you want with more accuracy.
For example:
If you are selling a guitar and the customer says I just want to feel how it plays. You need to understand that this person needs to feel the instrument to get a sense of it, rather than listen to the tone or look at the shine off the rosewood neck.
By becoming more aware of the words people use you will more readily understand their ‘map of the world’ (see presuppositions) and be more able to communicate with them.
For the next few days, open your awareness a little more and expand your view of the world and the things that go on in it.
The next positing will take make you more aware of how sensory acuity can be of benefit as we move onto Representational Systems.
Dare to Aspire
NLP Presuppositions
June 25, 2008 at 6:49 pm | In Improvement, NLP | 1 CommentAs my earlier post on previously stated, NLP treats beliefs as arbitrary. That means you can adopt any belief that you like and just accept that it is true. SO why no create beliefs that are empowering.
NLP has a basic framework of beliefs that empower its practitioners and these are called PRESUPPOSITIONS.
Presuppositions are the foundation beliefs that NLP uses to define how the brain works. The key ones include:
The map is not the territory – We create a representation of the world in our minds and this map, no matter how rich a representation it is, could never be the world. It is like eating the menu rather than the food that is described upon it.
Experience has structure - Our thoughts and memories have a pattern to them, a way of encoding them in our neurology. If we change the pattern, we change the effect our memories and experience have on us.
What one person can do, another can learn to do – If we learn an achiever’s mental map, we make it our own. This increases our ability to more readily adopt the achiever’s successful behaviour.
Mind and Body are part of the same system – A change in our mental state changes the state of our body. And a change in the state of our body changes our mental state.
People already have all the resources they need – Mental images, inner voices, memories and sensations are the building blocks of our experiences. We can build these blocks into strategies and patterns that create new effects we want in our life.
You cannot NOT communicate – People are social creatures and we are perceptive to the behaviour of others. So even if you don’t say a word, you will not be able to avoid communicating something in a shrug, a sign, even a facial expression.
The meaning of your communication is the response you get – Others make sense of the world through their own mental map. So when you communicate, it is not always what you think you said that is communicated. Others filter that message and often hear something different, sometimes considerably different from what you meant to say.
There is positive intent behind every behaviour – People rarely act without gaining some benefit, even if that behaviour seems thoughtless or hurtful. A yell may be to ward of danger, so look for the positive intent in actions.
People are always making the best choices available to them – Given our memories, knowledge skills and experiences, we always make what we consider to be the best decisions we can.
There is no failure, only feedback – If something you are doing isn’t working, use that knowledge as feedback and change what you are doing.
If you consider these principles as being true and adopt them into your personal philosophy, then you will be making a conscious decision about being more open to the differences around you and so increase your awareness of people’s behaviour. That increased awareness will increase your flexibility and given you more options for improving your daily interactions with your friends, family and colleagues.
Dare to Aspire
NLP and Beliefs
June 22, 2008 at 8:43 pm | In Improvement, NLP | 2 CommentsNLP considers beliefs to be arbitrary. They are not truth or facts but merely mental constructions that make us act a certain way. Beliefs are the framework that makes us behave in a certain manner. Change the belief and you open up new possibilities in the behaviours you can adopt.
Nobody believed that the mile could be run in less than 4 minutes and so no one broke that psychological barrier. After Roger Banister ran the mile in 3 minutes 59.4 seconds (in 1954), he changed the beliefs of athletes around the world and 16 more runners broke the 4 minute mile by 1957!
Everyone knew that the Earth was the centre of the heavens under Copernicus made observations that suggested the Sun was central. We now know that the Sun is only one of millions of star circling the centre of a galaxy, which is only one galaxy in millions in the universe.
All that had changed in both cases was the belief that people held.
By changing your beliefs, you can change the way you respond and act and unblock the limits that you used to have.
One way to change beliefs is through visualisation.
Think of something that you know is absolutely true, something that you believe deeply. This probably manifests as an image in your mind in a certain place, at a certain distance and of a certain size. Hold that thought for a moment and remember where it is, what distance and what size it is.
Now ‘clear the screen’ in your mind by thinking of the black screen at the end of a movie.
Next hold an image in your mind of you doing the thing that you currently don’t quite believe you can do. Run the activity forward like a movie playing in your mind. Make it appear in the same place, at the same distance and at the same size as the belief you truly believe in. Repeat this visualisation several times, each time ‘clearing the screen’.
After a short period, you will find that your belief of this activity is much more certain.
Technically, this is achieved by moving your desired belief into the same sub-modalities as a certain belief, so adopting the characteristics of a belief your truly believe.
A master of this technique was Mohamed Ali, who considered his belief change visualisation to be a way for creating ‘future history’.
Try this technique and see how much more you can achieve.
Dare to Aspire
NLP and the Structure of Outcomes
June 21, 2008 at 5:12 pm | In Improvement, NLP | Leave a CommentKnowing what you want is the first step in the NLP 4-Step Success Formula. Looking at the gap between where you are and where you want to be is the best way of identifying your outcomes and the path to your success.
Perhaps you want a promotion, or to have more money or responsibility.
Perhaps you want a better relationship with your family or spouse.
Whatever it is, there is clearly a gap between where you are and where you want to be or you wouldn;t even be considering change.
The NLP 4-Step Success Formula is a good approach to adopt in achieving your success, but it does require you to have some fairly well defined outcomes.
The characteristics of outcomes are very important and NLP defines 9 criteria to consider when defining your outcomes:
-
Positive – Your outcomes should be framed in a positive way so that you are moving towards a goal rather than away from a painful situation. Eg state your outcome as ‘I will be have a positive bank balance’ rather than ‘I will be free from debt’. The first lets your brain focus on finding more money while the second just registers the term ‘debt’ in your unconscious mind which then works towards creating more debt.
-
Detail – Your outcomes should be vividly defined so that you will know when you have achieved them. You need to see movement from where you are to where you want to be, and you need to know when you get there.
-
Specific – Your should be specific on where, when and with whom you want to achieve your outcome. This builds clarity for the unconscious mind to focus on.
-
Resourced – You need to have or be able to acquire the resources you need for your outcomes. These are normally in the form of Money, People, Personal characteristics, Items and examples of behaviour to follow.
-
Self control and discipline – You need to remain committed to the outcomes you have defined and applying effort towards achieving them.
-
Ecology – Your outcomes need to fit into your life without any negative impact on you, your family and the environment.
-
Aligned to your identity – Your outcomes need to be coherent with who you are. That doesn’t mean you cannot reinvent yourself, but it does mean that the outcomes you chose need to reflect the person you truly are or want to be. An outcome that isn’t consistent with your underlying values and beliefs is unlikely to endure.
-
Coherent – Your outcomes need to be aligned with each other. There is little coherence in outcomes that are opposed. For example, if Outcome 1 is to ‘relax more by drinking alcohol’ and Outcome 2 is ‘Increase the quality of my health’ then one or both of these outcomes will not be achieved.
-
Put into action – Anthony Robbins suggests that you need a massive action plan to achieve outcomes. I suggest that a ‘Managed Action Plan’ is a better way to go. Too much change too quickly can be disturbing and may not be very ecological (point 6 above). Better to achieve outcomes in a manner that is controlled and at a pace that you can assimilate and consolidate rather than making too radical a change with a negative impact.
By setting your outcomes in line with these criteria, you are more likely to achieve them and to maintain that change for the long term.
Dare to Aspire
NLP and the 4-Step Success Formula
June 19, 2008 at 7:16 pm | In Improvement, NLP, Performance | 2 CommentsHaving completed a course in NLP and been interested in the potential it has for improving personal performance, I thought I would read a little more into the subject and give readers a simplified view of what I have discovered.
NLP focuses on helping people achieve their goals and this simple 4-Step Success Formula is the first stage of that process.
-
Know what you want –be specific and know in detail what you want
-
Take action – Nothing will happen until you take action
-
Be aware of what you are getting – is what you are doing working or not
-
Be flexible – If it’s not working, do something different, change your actions not your goal
Consider the last time you went on holiday.
You didn’t just turn up at the airport and say ‘Fly me somewhere!’
You may have sat back a thought ‘I want a holiday, in the sun, with a nice beach, great food, night life that appeals to me.’ (Step 1)
Perhaps you then booked the flights and hotel. (Step 2)
When you got there, you may have been unhappy with your room and realised that you had booked the wrong hotel for your needs. (Step 3)
So perhaps you changed hotel and had a great time! (Step 4)
This simple model is hardly complex but sometimes it the the act of pointing out simple things that leads to profound understanding.
Often the simplest things in life are the most profound. One of the simplest questions you need to ask yourself in life is truly profound and in my experience often the question that people find the most difficult to answer.
WHAT DO YOU WANT?
It seems such a simple and clear question, until you sit down and try to answer it.
Lots of people will start with what they don’t want.
-
I don’t want to be poor
-
I don’t want to do this job
-
I don’t want to be hungry
In many ways this approach is understandable as most of our behaviour triggers seem to be in response to moving away from a negative feeling such as hunger, loneliness, cold and so on.
So when it comes to answering the question ‘What do you want?‘ it is can be difficult to express. Certainly it is difficult to articulate to a the level that you need to begin moving towards achieving it.
The key to leading a more successful life (however you want to gauge success) is to identify what you want and create such a clear and compelling image that you define your future so well that you begin to take action that moves you towards it. By applying the 4-Step Success Formula, you are already moving towards achieving that success.
-
Know what you want
-
Take action that moves you towards what you want
-
Be aware of what you are getting
-
Be flexible so that you move towards your outcome
Dare to Aspire
Jargon Free NLP
June 14, 2008 at 6:03 pm | In Improvement, NLP, Performance | Leave a CommentI recently attended a training course in Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) and I have been applying many of the techniques with varying levels of success.
For those who have been hiding under a stone for the last 40 years, NLP is a collection of principles and behaviour patterns that can help people made significant advances in their personal performance and development. There are many books on the subject and I recommend several at the end of this posting.
What I aim to do is reduce the jargon around 10 of the key elements of NLP, making them easier to understand and perhaps easier to apply.
1. When you begin to feel an emotion, recognising that emotion without judging it can reduce its influence on you. Emotions are there to give you a message, reacting to those emotions makes you less likely to recognise the message they are giving you.
2. Trying to do something means that you have already accepted the possibility that you may not be able to achieve it. Stating that you will do something will not guarantee that you will do it, but it is a better approach to take and does not assume that you could fail.
3. A bad habit is giving you some comfort, or fulfilling and emotional need. You cannot just stop that habit without replacing it with another behaviour that fulfils that need.
4. Change the way that you use your inner voice. Use phrases that you enjoy hearing. You wouldn’t put up with a friend that constantly used negative language and lowered your self-esteem, so why put up with a voice in your head that does the same.
5. A negative experience has been stored in our memory. By picturing that negative experience in your mind and making it physically smaller and black and white and fuzzy you reduce its impact. You can improve the benefit of positive experiences by increasing the size of their mental image, making them clearer and in vivid colour.
6. First picture a task you want to avoid and second picture yourself really enjoying it. Take the first picture and SWAP it with the second picture. Repeat this 10 times and then you will feel less like avoiding that task and perhaps even looking forward to it.
7. Copy or mirror the behaviours of a person you are talking to as subtly as you can. This will bring you into rapport. Then try to ‘lead’ the behaviour and see if you partner follows you. This rapport is useful for building confidence, trust and improving the relationship.
8. Increased a person’s self image and positive emotions by using powerful language like, brilliant, sensational and dazzling. Reduce the impact of negative emotions by using less powerful words like mildly upset, emotionally scratched.
9. Remember a time when you felt unbeatable, or imagine how you would feel if you were unbeatable and wildly successful. Fully imagine the feeling and when it is as intense as it can be, touch a part of your body such as touching your thumb and forefinger. Repeat this a few times and then when you need to feel unbeatable, touch that part of your body again and you will trigger that feeling again.
10. People generally have 3 ways to build their representation of the world:
Visually – in pictures and movies
Auditory – in sounds and music
Kinaesthetic – in feelings and physical motion.
By recognising how a person represents the world in their head and using language that is similar to that representation, you are more likely to et your message across.
A useful way of working out which system a person uses is to ask questions and se where their eyes move.
Eyes up — Visual
Eyes horizontal – Auditory
Eyes down and right – Kinaesthetic
Think about these concepts and find opportunities to apply them. You will see benefits from using some or all of them in both your work and personal life.
If you are interested in learning more about NLP then try my book summary at the Braincram homepage. Click here
I must also thank John at NLPExcellence for providing a sterling training course.
Dare to Aspire
Blog at WordPress.com. | Theme: Pool by Borja Fernandez.
Entries and comments feeds.